Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
Volume 26, Issue 2 , Pages 161-172 , February 2010

The Pattern and Technique in the Clinical Evaluation of the Adult Hip: The Common Physical Examination Tests of Hip Specialists

  • Hal D. Martin, D.O.

      Affiliations

    • Oklahoma Sports Science & Orthopaedics, Oklahoma City, Oklahoma, U.S.A.
    • Corresponding Author InformationAddress correspondence and reprint requests to Hal D. Martin, D.O., Oklahoma Sports Science & Orthopaedics, 6205 N Santa Fe, Ste 200, Oklahoma City, OK 73118, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • Bryan T. Kelly, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • Michael Leunig, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Schulthess Clinic, Zürich, Switzerland
    • ,
  • Marc J. Philippon, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Steadman-Hawkins Research Foundation, Vail, Colorado, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • John C. Clohisy, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Washington University, St Louis, Missouri, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • RobRoy L. Martin, Ph.D., P.T., C.S.C.S.

      Affiliations

    • Center for Rehab Services/University of Pittsburgh Medical Center and Duquesne University, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • Jon K. Sekiya, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • MedSport–Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • Ricardo Pietrobon, M.D., Ph.D.

      Affiliations

    • Department of Surgery, Duke University Medical Center, Durham, North Carolina, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • Nicholas G. Mohtadi, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • University of Calgary, Calgary, Alberta, Canada
    • ,
  • Thomas G. Sampson, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Post Street Surgery Center and Total Joint Center at St Francis Memorial Hospital, San Francisco, California, U.S.A.
    • ,
  • Marc R. Safran, M.D.

      Affiliations

    • Stanford University, Stanford, California, U.S.A.

Received 7 January 2009 ,Accepted 9 July 2009.

References 

  1. Hoppenfeld S, Hutton R. Physical examination of the hip and pelvis. In:  Hoppenfeld S,  Hutton R editor. Physical examination of the spine and extremities. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall; 1976;p. 143–169
  2. Ito K, Minka MA, Leunig M, Werlen S, Ganz R. Femoroacetabular impingement and the cam-effect (A MRI-based quantitative anatomical study of the femoral head-neck offset). J Bone Joint Surg Br. 2001;83:171–176
  3. McCarthy J, Noble P, Aluisio FV, Schuck M, Wright J, Lee JA. Anatomy, pathologic features, and treatment of acetabular labral tears. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2003;38–47
  4. Reider B, Martel J. Pelvis, hip and thigh. In:  Reider B,  Martel J editor. The orthopedic physical examination. Philadelphia: WB Saunders; 1999;p. 159–199
  5. Braly BA, Beall DP, Martin HD. Clinical examination of the athletic hip. Clin Sports Med. 2006;25:199–210vii
  6. Martin HD. Clinical examination of the hip. Oper Tech Orthop. 2005;15:177–181
  7. King GJ, Richards RR, Zuckerman JD, et al. A standardized method for assessment of elbow function (Research Committee, American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons). J Shoulder Elbow Surg. 1999;8:351–354
  8. Brown MD, Gomez-Marin O, Brookfield KF, Li PS. Differential diagnosis of hip disease versus spine disease. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2004;280–284
  9. Longjohn D, Dorr LD. Soft tissue balance of the hip. J Arthroplasty. 1998;13:97–100
  10. Biering-Sorensen F. Physical measurements as risk indicators for low-back trouble over a one-year period. Spine. 1984;9:106–119
  11. Fairbank JC, Pynsent PB, Van Poortvliet JA, Phillips H. Influence of anthropometric factors and joint laxity in the incidence of adolescent back pain. Spine. 1984;9:461–464
  12. Giles LG, Taylor JR. Low-back pain associated with leg length inequality. Spine. 1981;6:510–521
  13. Hoikka V, Ylikoski M, Tallroth K. Leg-length inequality has poor correlation with lumbar scoliosis (A radiological study of 100 patients with chronic low-back pain). Arch Orthop Trauma Surg. 1989;108:173–175
  14. Mierau D, Cassidy JD, Yong-Hing K. Low-back pain and straight leg raising in children and adolescents. Spine. 1989;14:526–528
  15. Martin HD, Savage A, Braly BA, Palmer IJ, Beall DP, Kelly B. The function of the hip capsular ligaments: A quantitative report. Arthroscopy. 2008;24:188–195
  16. Torry MR, Schenker ML, Martin HD, Hogoboom D, Philippon MJ. Neuromuscular hip biomechanics and pathology in the athlete. Clin Sports Med. 2006;25:179–197vii
  17. Perry J. Gait analysis: Normal and pathological function. Thorofare, NJ: SLACK; 1992;
  18. Busconi BD, Owens BD. Differential diagnosis of the painful hip. In:  McCarthy JC editors. Early hip disorders. New York: Springer-Verlag; 2003;p. 7–16
  19. McCarthy JC, Busconi BD, Owens BD. Assessment of the painful hip. In:  McCarthy JC editors. Early hip disorders. New York: Springer; 2003;p. 3–6
  20. Byrd JWT. Physical examination. In:  Byrd JWT editors. Operative hip arthroscopy. New York: Springer; 2005;p. 36–50
  21. Klaue K, Durnin CW, Ganz R. The acetabular rim syndrome (A clinical presentation of dysplasia of the hip). J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1991;73:423–429
  22. Martin RL, Sekiya JK. The interrater reliability of 4 clinical tests used to assess individuals with musculoskeletal hip pain. J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 2007;38:71–77
  23. Clohisy JC, Knaus ER, Hunt DM, Lesher JM, Harris-Hayes M, Prather H. Clinical presentation of patients with symptomatic anterior hip impingement. Clin Orthop Relat Res. 2009;467:638–644

 The authors report no conflict of interest.

PII: S0749-8063(09)00614-8

doi: 10.1016/j.arthro.2009.07.015

Arthroscopy: The Journal of Arthroscopic and Related Surgery
Volume 26, Issue 2 , Pages 161-172 , February 2010

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