Autologous chondrocyte implantation (ACI) was first attempted in 1987 for treatment
of articular cartilage lesions of the knee.
1
Long-term studies with up to 9-year follow-up have recently been reported with promising
results.
2
Consequently, the use of ACI has expanded to other parts of the body. Although the
data and follow-up is limited, the implementation of ACI in other joints including
the shoulder, elbow, and ankle has been reported.
3
,
4
,
5
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© 2003 Arthroscopy Association of North America. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
