Advertisement
ISAKOS scientific committee report| Volume 19, ISSUE 10, P1103-1108, December 2003

Download started.

Ok

Knee rating scales

  • Robert G Marx
    Correspondence
    Address correspondence and reprint requests to Robert G. Marx, M.D., M.Sc., F.R.C.S.C., Hospital for Special Surgery, 535 East 70th St, New York, NY 10021, USA
    Affiliations
    Center for Clinical Outcome Research, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York, New York, USA
    Search for articles by this author

      Abstract

      In the past 2 decades, outcome assessment following knee surgery has focused increasingly on the patient’s perspective. While traditional measures of outcome, including physical examination, imaging studies, and measures of knee laxity are complementary, questionnaires have become more important in determining the value of a procedure. Reliability, validity, and responsiveness are all important measurement qualities for health-related quality of life instruments. There are several questionnaires available, both for active patients with disorders of the knee, as well as for older patients with degenerative conditions. Activity level is also an important prognostic variable for patients with disorders of the knee. Clinical researchers should also use a validated activity rating scale to evaluate what patients are doing, in addition to how they are doing.

      Keywords

      To read this article in full you will need to make a payment

      Purchase one-time access:

      Academic & Personal: 24 hour online accessCorporate R&D Professionals: 24 hour online access
      One-time access price info
      • For academic or personal research use, select 'Academic and Personal'
      • For corporate R&D use, select 'Corporate R&D Professionals'

      Subscribe:

      Subscribe to Arthroscopy
      Already a print subscriber? Claim online access
      Already an online subscriber? Sign in
      Institutional Access: Sign in to ScienceDirect

      References

        • Marx R.G.
        Knee rating scales for clinical outcome.
        in: Callaghan J.J. Rubash H.E. Simonian P.T. Wickiewicz T.L. Rosenberg A.G. The adult knee. Lippincott Williams & Wilkins, Philadelphia2002: 367-378
        • Streiner D.L.
        • Norman G.R.
        Health measurement scales. Oxford Univeristy Press, Oxford1989
        • Guyatt G.H.
        • Bombardier C.
        • Tugwell P.X.
        Measuring disease-specific quality of life in clinical trials.
        Can Med Assoc J. 1986; 134: 889-995
        • Bartko J.J.
        The intraclass correlation coefficient as a measure of reliability.
        Psychol Rep. 1966; 19: 3-11
        • Bland J.M.
        • Altman D.G.
        Statistical methods for assessing agreement between two methods of clinical measurement.
        Lancet. 1986; 1: 307-310
        • Bland J.M.
        • Altman D.G.
        A note on the use of the intraclass correlation coefficient in the evaluation of agreement between two methods of measurement.
        Comput Biol Med. 1990; 20: 337-340
        • Bland J.M.
        • Altman D.G.
        Comparing methods of measurement.
        Lancet. 1995; 346: 1085-1087
        • Deyo R.A.
        • Diehr P.
        • Patrick D.L.
        Reproducibility and responsiveness of health status measures. Statistics and strategies for evaluation.
        Control Clin Trials. 1991; 12: 142S-158S
        • Rosner B.
        Fundamentals of biostatistics. Duxbury Press, Toronto1995
        • Wright J.G.
        • Feinstein A.R.
        A comparative contrast of clinimetric and psychometric methods for constructing indexes and rating scales.
        J Clin Epidemiol. 1992; 45: 1201-1218
        • Nunnally J.C.
        • Bernstein I.H.
        Psychometric theory. Ed 3. McGraw-Hill, New York1994
        • Irrgang J.J.
        • Snyder-Mackler L.
        • Wainner R.S.
        • Fu F.H.
        • Harner C.D.
        Development of a patient-reported measure of function of the knee.
        J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1998; 80: 1132-1145
        • Marx R.G.
        • Bombardier C.
        • Hogg-Johnson S.
        • Wright J.G.
        Clinimetric and psychometric strategies for development of a health measurement scale.
        J Clin Epidemiol. 1999; 52: 105-111
        • Guyatt G.H.
        • Feeny D.H.
        • Patrick D.L.
        Measuring health-related quality of life.
        Ann Intern Med. 1993; 118: 622-629
        • Beaton D.E.
        • Hogg-Johnson S.
        • Bombardier C.
        Evaluating changes in health status.
        J Clin Epidemiol. 1997; 50: 79-93
        • Wright J.G.
        • Young N.L.
        A comparison of different indices of responsiveness.
        J Clin Epidemiol. 1997; 50: 239-246
        • Kirkley A.
        • Griffin S.
        • McLintock H.
        • Ng L.
        The development and evaluation of a disease-specific quality of life measurement tool for shoulder instability. The Western Ontario Shoulder Instability Index (WOSI).
        Am J Sports Med. 1998; 26: 764-772
        • L’Insalata J.C.
        • Warren R.F.
        • Cohen S.B.
        • Altchek D.W.
        • Peterson M.G.
        A self-administered questionnaire for assessment of symptoms and function of the shoulder.
        J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997; 79 ([see comments]): 738-748
        • Martin D.P.
        • Engelberg R.
        • Agel J.
        • Swiontkowski M.F.
        Comparison of the Musculoskeletal Function Assessment questionnaire with the Short Form-36, the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index, and the Sickness Impact Profile health-status measures.
        J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1997; 79: 1323-1335
        • Liang M.H.
        • Fossel A.H.
        • Larson M.G.
        Comparisons of five health status instruments for orthopedic evaluation.
        Med Care. 1990; 28: 632-642
        • Weitzel P.P.
        • Richmond J.C.
        Critical evaluation of different scoring systems of the knee.
        Sports Med Arthrosc Rev. 2002; 10: 183-190
        • Tegner Y.
        • Lysholm J.
        Rating systems in the evaluation of knee ligament injuries.
        Clin Orthop. 1985; : 43-49
        • Lysholm J.
        • Gillquist J.
        Evaluation of knee ligament surgery results with special emphasis on use of a scoring scale.
        Am J Sports Med. 1982; 10: 150-154
        • Gauffin H.
        • Pettersson G.
        • Tegner Y.
        • Tropp H.
        Function testing in patients with old rupture of the anterior cruciate ligament.
        Int J Sports Med. 1990; 11: 73-77
        • Odensten M.
        • Hamberg P.
        • Nordin M.
        • Lysholm J.
        • Gillquist J.
        Surgical or conservative treatment of the acutely torn anterior cruciate ligament. A randomized study with short-term follow-up observations.
        Clin Orthop. 1985; : 87-93
        • Roberts T.S.
        • Drez Jr, D.
        • McCarthy W.
        • Paine R.
        Anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction using freeze-dried, ethylene oxide-sterilized, bone-patellar tendon-bone allografts. Two year results in thirty-six patients.
        Am J Sports Med. 1991; 19 ([published erratum appears in Am J Sports Med 1991;19:272]): 35-41
        • Shapiro E.T.
        • Richmond J.C.
        • Rockett S.E.
        • McGrath M.M.
        • Donaldson W.R.
        The use of a generic, patient-based health assessment (SF-36) for evaluation of patients with anterior cruciate ligament injuries.
        Am J Sports Med. 1996; 24: 196-200
        • Marx R.G.
        • Jones E.C.
        • Allen A.A.
        • et al.
        Reliability, validity and responsiveness of four knee outcome scales for athletic patients.
        J Bone Joint Surg Am. 2001; 83: 1459-1469
        • Noyes F.R.
        • Mooar P.A.
        • Matthews D.S.
        • Butler D.L.
        The symptomatic anterior cruciate-deficient knee. Part I: The long-term functional disability in athletically active individuals.
        J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1983; 65: 154-162
        • Noyes F.R.
        • Matthews D.S.
        • Mooar P.A.
        • Grood E.S.
        The symptomatic anterior cruciate-deficient knee. Part II: The results of rehabilitation, activity modification, and counseling on functional disability.
        J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1983; 65: 163-174
        • Barber-Westin S.D.
        • Noyes F.R.
        • McCloskey J.W.
        Rigorous statistical reliability, validity, and responsiveness testing of the Cincinnati knee rating system in 350 subjects with uninjured, injured, or anterior cruciate ligament-reconstructed knees.
        Am J Sports Med. 1999; 27: 402-416
        • American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons
        Scoring algorithms for the lower limb. American Academy of Orthopaedic Surgeons, Rosemont, IL1998 (Version 2.0)
        • Williams G.N.
        • Taylor D.C.
        • Gangel T.J.
        • Uhorchak J.M.
        • Arciero R.A.
        Comparison of the single assessment numeric evaluation method and the Lysholm score.
        Clin Orthop. 2000; : 184-192
        • Roos E.M.
        • Roos H.P.
        • Lohmander L.S.
        • Ekdahl C.
        • Beynnon B.D.
        Knee injury and osteoarthritis outcome score (KOOS)—Development of a self-administered outcome measure.
        J Orthop Sports Phys Ther. 1998; 28: 88-96
        • Mohtadi N.
        Development and validation of the quality of life outcome measure (questionnaire) for chronic anterior cruciate ligament deficiency.
        Am J Sports Med. 1998; 26: 350-359
        • Hefti F.
        • Muller W.
        Heutiger Stand der Evaluation von Kniebandlasionen; Das neue IKDC-Knie-Evaluationsblatt.
        Orthopade. 1993; 22: 351-362
        • Irrgang J.
        ACL outcomes. International Society of Arthroscopy, Knee Surgery and Orthopaedic Sports Medicine, Montreaux, Switzerland2001
        • Bellamy N.
        • Buchanan W.W.
        • Goldsmith C.H.
        • Campbell J.
        • Stitt L.W.
        Validation study of WOMAC.
        J Rheumatol. 1988; 15: 1833-1840
        • Bellamy N.
        • Sothern R.B.
        • Campbell J.
        Rhythmic variations in pain perception in osteoarthritis of the knee.
        J Rheumatol. 1990; 17: 364-372
        • Bellamy N.
        Outcome measurement in osteoarthritis clinical trials.
        J Rheumatol Suppl. 1995; 43: 49-51
        • Bombardier C.
        • Melfi C.A.
        • Paul J.
        • et al.
        Comparison of a generic and a disease-specific measure of pain and physical function after knee replacement surgery.
        Med Care. 1995; 33: AS131-144
        • Kirkley A.
        • Webster-Bogaert S.
        • Litchfield R.
        • et al.
        The effect of bracing on varus gonarthrosis.
        J Bone Joint Surg Am. 1999; 81: 539-548
        • Theiler R.
        • Sangha O.
        • Schaeren S.
        • et al.
        Superior responsiveness of the pain and function sections of the Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) as compared to the Lequesne-Algofunctional Index in patients with osteoarthritis of the lower extremities.
        Osteoarthritis Cartilage. 1999; 7: 515-519
        • Dunbar M.J.
        • Robertsson O.
        • Ryd L.
        • Lidgren L.
        Translation and validation of the Oxford-12 item knee score for use in Sweden.
        Acta Orthop Scand. 2000; 71: 268-274
        • Wigler I.
        • Neumann L.
        • Yaron M.
        Validation study of a Hebrew version of WOMAC in patients with osteoarthritis of the knee.
        Clin Rheumatol. 1999; 18: 402-405
        • Lequesne M.G.
        • Mery C.
        • Samson M.
        • Gerard P.
        Indexes of severity for osteoarthritis of the hip and knee.
        Scand J Rheumatol. 1987; 65: 85-89
        • Dawson J.
        • Fitzpatrick R.
        • Murray D.
        • Carr A.
        Questionnaire on the perceptions of patients about total knee replacement.
        J Bone Joint Surg Br. 1998; 80: 63-69
        • Barber S.D.
        • Noyes F.R.
        • Mangine R.E.
        • McCloskey J.W.
        • Hartman W.
        Quantitative assessment of functional limitations in normal and anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knees.
        Clin Orthop. 1990; 255: 204-214
        • Armitage P.
        • Berry G.
        Statistical methods in medical research. Ed 3. Blackwell, London1994
        • Marx R.G.
        • Stump T.J.
        • Jones E.C.
        • Wickiewicz T.L.
        • Warren R.F.
        Development and evaluation of an activity rating scale for disorders of the knee.
        Am J Sports Med. 2001; 29: 213-218
        • Daniel D.M.
        • Stone M.L.
        • Dobson B.E.
        • Fithian D.C.
        • Rossman D.J.
        • Kaufman K.R.
        Fate of the ACL-injured patient. A prospective outcome study.
        Am J Sports Med. 1994; 22 ([see comments]): 632-644
        • Noyes F.R.
        • Barber S.D.
        • Mooar L.A.
        A rationale for assessing sports activity levels and limitations in knee disorders.
        Clin Orthop. 1989; : 238-249
        • Seto J.L.
        • Orofino A.S.
        • Morrissey M.C.
        • Medeiros J.M.
        • Mason W.J.
        Assessment of quadriceps/hamstring strength, knee ligament stability, functional and sports activity levels five years after anterior cruciate ligament reconstruction.
        Am J Sports Med. 1988; 16: 170-180
        • Straub T.
        • Hunter R.E.
        Acute anterior cruciate ligament repair.
        Clin Orthop. 1988; 227: 238-250