Purpose
To evaluate the cyclic displacement and ultimate load to failure of 4 all-suture anchors
in human cadaveric shoulder glenoid bone.
Methods
Four all-suture anchors indicated for glenoid labral repair were tested in 14 matched
pairs of human cadaveric fresh-frozen glenoids. Anchors were inserted at 4 different
locations for a total of 112 tests (12-, 3-, 6-, and 9-o’clock positions for right
glenoids). Cyclic loading (10 to 60 N at 1 Hz for 200 cycles) and single pull-to-failure
testing (33 mm/s) were performed. A Kruskal-Wallis 1-way analysis of variance with
the Dunn multiple-comparison post hoc test was used for statistical analysis.
Results
One matched pair was excluded because of poor bone quality. Thus, 13 matched pairs
were included in the study, and a total of 104 tests were performed. The Q-Fix anchors
showed significantly less displacement after 100 cycles (mean ± standard deviation,
1.40 ± 0.97 mm; P < .001) and 200 cycles (1.53 ± 1.00 mm, P < .001) than all other anchors tested. The Q-Fix (191.3 ± 65.8 N), Suturefix (188.3
± 61.4 N), and JuggerKnot (183.6 ± 63.5 N) anchors had significantly greater ultimate
loads to failure than the Iconix anchors (143.5 ± 54.1 N) (P = .01, P = .012, and P = .021, respectively). Displacement greater than 5 mm occurred in 6 Iconix anchors
(22.1%), 5 Suturefix anchors (19.2%), 4 JuggerKnot anchors (15.4%), and 0 Q-Fix anchors
(0%).
Conclusions
The Q-Fix anchors showed less displacement with cyclic loading than the Iconix, JuggerKnot,
and Suturefix anchors. The Iconix anchors had a lower ultimate load to failure than
the Q-Fix, Suturefix, and JuggerKnot anchors. Only the Q-Fix group had no anchors
displace greater than 5 mm with cyclic loading.
Clinical Relevance
All-suture anchors vary in their deployment mechanism, which may alter their strength
and performance. Operators must be aware of these anchors' propensity to displace
while deploying them.
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Article Info
Publication History
Published online: April 09, 2019
Accepted:
January 14,
2019
Received:
March 28,
2018
Footnotes
See commentary on page 1960
The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: J.E.F. is a paid consultant for and receives research support from Smith and Nephew and receives research support from Arthrex . Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material.
Identification
Copyright
© 2019 by the Arthroscopy Association of North America
