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See commentary on page 3192
The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: this study was supported by the Basic Science Research Program through the National Research Foundation of Korea (NRF) funded by the Ministry of Science and ICT (NRF-2017R1D1A1B03033758 to Y.-S.L. and NRF-2017R1A2B4003343 to S.W.C.). Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material.
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- Editorial Commentary: Bad For Your Cuff. Smoking Causes Alterations in Gene Expression Resulting in Inflammation, Fatty Degeneration, and Fibrosis. Or Maybe Not?ArthroscopyVol. 35Issue 12
- PreviewGene expression is the transcription from DNA to RNA and then translation into proteins or other mediators. Smoking causes alterations in gene expression and can result in inflammatory changes, fatty degeneration, and fibrosis in patients with rotator cuff disease. Whether the smoking-related upregulation of inflammatory mediators such as interleukin 6 and C-reactive protein is one of the responsible factors for rotator cuff tears and also influences healing after surgery is currently not known.
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