Purpose
This study aimed to verify whether transplantation of dedifferentiated osteogenic
bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells (De-BMSCs) at the tendon–bone interface could result
in more bone formation than BMSC transplantation in anterior cruciate ligament (ACL)
reconstruction.
Methods
BMSCs from femur and tibia of New Zealand White rabbit were subjected to osteogenic
induction and then cultured in osteogenic factor-free medium; the obtained cell population
was termed De-BMSCs. Bilateral ACL reconstruction was performed in 48 adult rabbits.
Three groups were established: control group with alginate gel injection, BMSCs group
with the BMSCs injection, and De-BMSCs group with the De-BMSCs injection. At week
4 and 12 postoperatively, tendon–bone healing by histologic staining, micro-computed
tomography examination, and biomechanical test were evaluated.
Results
The expression of α1 chain of type I collagen, osteocalcin, and osteopontin at the
tendon–bone interface in the De-BMSCs group was greater than in the control or BMSCs
group. The bone volume/total volume by micro-computed tomography scan was significantly
greater in the De-BMSCs group than that in the control group (P = .013) or BMSCs group (P = .045) at 4 weeks, and greater than that in the control group (P = .014) or BMSCs group (P = .017) at 12 weeks. The tunnel area was significantly smaller in the De-BMSCs group
than in the control group (P = .013) or BMSCs group (P = .044) at 12 weeks. The failure load and stiffness in De-BMSCs group were both significantly
enhanced at 4 and 12 weeks than control group or De-BMSCs group.
Conclusions
De-BMSCs transplantation can promote bone formation at the tendon–bone interface better
than BMSCs transplantation in ACL reconstruction and increase the early biomechanical
strength of the reconstructed ACL
Clinical relevance
De-BMSCs transplantation is a potential choice for enhancing early bone formation
in the tunnel in ACL reconstruction.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: January 27, 2022
Accepted:
January 16,
2022
Received:
August 15,
2021
Footnotes
The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: This work was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (No. 81702159). Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material.
Kai Tie and Jinghang Cai contributed equally to this work.
Identification
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© 2022 by the Arthroscopy Association of North America
