Purpose
To investigate the regenerative effect of adipose-derived stem cell (ADSC) sheets
in two different rabbit models of meniscal defects.
Methods
Forty-two rabbits were randomly divided into two groups: the whole (Group 1) or the
inner half (Group 2) of anterior half of the medial meniscus was removed from both
knees. The ADSC sheets were transplanted into one knee, whereas in the other knee
the meniscal defect was left untreated (self-control). The histological score and
expression of genes encoding collagen type I and II (COL1/2), SRY-box transcription factor 9 (SOX9), and aggrecan (ACAN) were compared between the ADSC sheet-treated and untreated menisci at 4 and 12 weeks.
The ADSC sheet-treated menisci at 12 weeks were also analyzed immunohistochemically
to assess the collagen component.
Results
The histological score was significantly higher in the treated side than in the control
side at 4 and 12 weeks in both groups (Group 1; P = .016 and .032; Group 2; P = .030 and .016, respectively). All genes evaluated showed significantly higher expression
in the treated side than in the control side in both groups, except COL2 and SOX9 at 4 weeks and COL2 at 12 weeks in Group 1, and COL1 in Group 2 at 4 weeks. The ADSC sheet-treated meniscus in Group 1 contained mostly
COL1, whereas the Group 2 had less COL1, but was rich in COL2.
Conclusions
ADSC sheets can promote meniscal regeneration regardless of whether the defect involves
the inner half or whole width of the anterior half of the medial meniscus. However,
the collagen component of the ADSC sheet-treated tissue differs depending on the defect
site.
Clinical Relevance
ADSCs may help meniscal regeneration due to meniscal defects after meniscectomy. This
study suggests longer-term follow-up and mechanical analysis as next steps.
Key Words
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: March 03, 2022
Accepted:
February 20,
2022
Received:
May 26,
2021
Footnotes
Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material.
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 by the Arthroscopy Association of North America
