Abstract
Introduction
Bone-Based Therapies
Autograft
- Attia A.K.
- Mahmoud K.
- ElSweify K.
- Bariteau J.
- Labib S.A.
Allograft
Synthetic Bone Graft Substitutes
- Galois L.
- Mainard D.
- Pfeffer F.
- Traversari R.
- Delagoutte J.P.
- Ma H.
- Shi Y.
- Zhang W.
- Liu F.
- Han Y.
- Yang M.
Proteins
BMP
PDGF
- DiGiovanni C.W.
- Lin S.S.
- Baumhauer J.F.
- et al.
Cartilage Based Therapies
Giannini S, Battaglia M, Buda R, Cavallo M, Ruffilli A, Vannini F. Surgical treatment of osteochondral lesions of the talus by open-field autologous chondrocyte implantation: a 10-year follow-up clinical and magnetic resonance imaging T2-mapping evaluation. <i>Am J Sports Med</i>. Nov 2009;37 Suppl 1:112s-8s. doi:10.1177/0363546509349928
- Usuelli F.G.
- D'Ambrosi R.
- Maccario C.
- Boga M.
- de Girolamo L.
Richter M, Zech S. Matrix-associated stem cell transplantation (MAST) in chondral defects of foot and ankle is effective. Foot and Ankle Surgery. 2013/06/01/ 2013;19(2):84-90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2012.11.005
Richter M, Zech S. Matrix-associated stem cell transplantation (MAST) in chondral defects of foot and ankle is effective. Foot and Ankle Surgery. 2013/06/01/ 2013;19(2):84-90. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2012.11.005
Richter M, Zech S, Andreas Meissner S. Matrix-associated stem cell transplantation (MAST) in chondral defects of the ankle is safe and effective – 2-year-followup in 130 patients. Foot and Ankle Surgery. 2017/12/01/ 2017;23(4):236-242. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2016.05.320
Richter M, Zech S. Matrix-associated stem cell transplantation (MAST) in chondral lesions at the ankle as part of a complex surgical approach- 5-year-follow-up in 100 patients. Foot and Ankle Surgery. 2019/06/01/ 2019;25(3):264-271. doi:https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fas.2017.11.004

Massen FK, Inauen CR, Harder LP, Runer A, Preiss S, Salzmann GM. One-Step Autologous Minced Cartilage Procedure for the Treatment of Knee Joint Chondral and Osteochondral Lesions: A Series of 27 Patients With 2-Year Follow-up. Orthop J Sports Med. Jun 2019;7(6):2325967119853773. doi:10.1177/2325967119853773
Blood-based/injectable preparations
PRP
- de Jonge S.
- de Vos R.J.
- Weir A.
- et al.
- Boesen A.P.
- Hansen R.
- Boesen M.I.
- Malliaras P.
- Langberg H.
- Usuelli F.G.
- Grassi M.
- Maccario C.
- et al.
Repetto I, Biti B, Cerruti P, Trentini R, Felli L. Conservative Treatment of Ankle Osteoarthritis: Can Platelet-Rich Plasma Effectively Postpone Surgery? The Journal of foot and ankle surgery : official publication of the American College of Foot and Ankle Surgeons. Mar-Apr 2017;56(2):362-365. doi:10.1053/j.jfas.2016.11.015
Concentrated Bone Marrow Aspirate
- Cassano J.M.
- Kennedy J.G.
- Ross K.A.
- Fraser E.J.
- Goodale M.B.
- Fortier L.A.
- Murawski C.D.
- Kennedy J.G.
O'Malley MP, Milewski MD, Solomito MJ, Erwteman AS, Nissen CW. The association of tibial slope and anterior cruciate ligament rupture in skeletally immature patients. Arthroscopy : the journal of arthroscopic & related surgery : official publication of the Arthroscopy Association of North America and the International Arthroscopy Association. Jan 2015;31(1):77-82. doi:10.1016/j.arthro.2014.07.019
- Vannini F.
- Filardo G.
- Altamura S.A.
- et al.
- Kim Y.S.
- Park E.H.
- Kim Y.C.
- Koh Y.G.

Hyaluronic acid
Cell-Based Therapy
- Natali S.
- Screpis D.
- Farinelli L.
- et al.
Conclusions
Supplementary Data
References
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