Purpose
(1) To report minimum 5-year patient-reported outcomes (PROs) and return to sport
(RTS) rates in high-level athletes with borderline hip dysplasia (BHD) following primary
hip arthroscopy for labral pathology and femoroacetabular impingement syndrome and
(2) to compare results to a propensity-matched control group of athletes with normal
acetabular coverage.
Methods
Data were reviewed for surgeries performed between February 2009 and February 2016.
Patients were eligible if they underwent primary hip arthroscopy in the setting of
BHD (lateral center-edge angle [LCEA] 18-25°) and competed in professional, collegiate,
or high school sports. Inclusion criteria were preoperative and minimum 5-year follow-up
scores for the modified Harris Hip Score (mHHS), Non-Arthritis Hip Score, Hip Outcome
Score–Sport Specific Subscale (HOS-SSS), and visual analog scale for pain. Rates of
achieving the minimal clinically importance difference (MCID), patient acceptable
symptomatic state (PASS), and maximum outcome improvement satisfaction threshold (MOIST)
were recorded in addition to RTS. BHD athletes were matched by age at the time of
surgery, sex, body mass index, Tönnis grade, follow-up time, sport type, and competition
level to a control group of 58 athletes with normal acetabular coverage (LCEA 25°-40°)
for comparison.
Results
A total of 34 BHD athletes were included with a mean follow-up of 73.6 ± 10.7 months.
BHD athletes showed significant improvements in all PROs, demonstrated high RTS rates
(90.0%), and achieved PASS/MCID/MOIST for mHHS (MCID: 80.0%, PASS: 93.3%, MOIST: 80.0%)
and HOS-SSS (MCID: 76.7%, PASS: 73.3%) at high rates. When compared to a propensity-matched
group with normal acetabular coverage, BHD athletes demonstrated similar postoperative
PROs, rates of achieving psychometric thresholds, and RTS rates (P > .05). Additionally, by the latest follow-up, no athlete in either group required
conversion to total hip arthroplasty.
Conclusions
High-level athletes with BHD undergoing primary hip arthroscopy for labral pathology
and femoroacetabular impingement syndrome may expect favorable midterm outcomes and
high RTS rates. These results were comparable to a control group of athletes with
normal coverage.
Level of Evidence
Level III, retrospective cohort study.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: August 29, 2022
Accepted:
August 14,
2022
Received:
January 13,
2022
Footnotes
See commentary on page 283
The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: D.R.M. reports nonfinancial support from Arthrex, Stryker, Smith & Nephew, and Ossur, outside the submitted work. He is also an editorial board member Arthroscopy. B.G.D. reports grants and other from the American Orthopedic Foundation, during the conduct of the study; personal fees from Amplitude; grants, personal fees, and nonfinancial support from Arthrex; personal fees and nonfinancial support from DJO Global; grants, personal fees and nonfinancial support from Medacta; grants, personal fees, nonfinancial support, and other from Stryker; grants from Breg; personal fees from Orthomerica; grants and nonfinancial support from Medwest Associates; grants from ATI Physical Therapy; personal fees and nonfinancial support from St. Alexius Medical Center; grants from Ossur; nonfinancial support from Zimmer Biomet, DePuy Synthes Sales, Medtronic, Prime Surgical, and Trice Medical, outside the submitted work. In addition, B.G.D. has patents issued and received royalties for the following: method and instrumentation for acetabular labrum reconstruction (8920497), licensed by Arthrex; adjustable multi-component hip orthosis (8708941), licensed by Orthomerica and DJO Global; and knotless suture anchors and methods of suture repair (9737292), licensed by Arthrex. Finally, B.G.D. is a board member of the American Hip Institute Research Foundation, AANA Learning Center Committee, Journal of Hip Preservation Surgery, and Arthroscopy and has had ownership interests in the American Hip Institute, Hinsdale Orthopedic Associates, Hinsdale Orthopedic Imaging, SCD#3, North Shore Surgical Suites, and the Munster Specialty Surgery Center. Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material.
Investigation performed at the Hospital for Special Surgery, Weil-Cornell Medical School, New York, New York, U.S.A.
This study was performed in accordance with the ethical standards in the 1964 Declaration of Helsinki. This study was carried out in accordance with relevant regulations of the US Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act. Details that might disclose the identity of the subjects under study have been omitted. This study was approved by the institutional review board (IRB ID: 5276).
This study was performed at the American Hip Institute Research Foundation.
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 by the Arthroscopy Association of North America
