Purpose
The purpose of this cadaveric study was to determine feasibility and assess biomechanical
stability of glenoid labral reconstruction utilizing the long head of the biceps tendon
(LHBT) as a local autograft for labral deficient shoulders.
Methods
Ten cadaveric shoulders underwent resection of all soft tissue structures except the
labrum and LHBT. The scapula and humerus were separately attached to a custom shoulder
testing apparatus allowing for 22.5 N of compressive isotonic force across the joint.
An Instron (Electroplus 1000) measured the peak force (N) as the humeral head was
translated over the anteroinferior glenoid rim through 10 cycles. Shoulders were tested
in 3 separate scenarios: intact labrum, resected labrum from 3- to 6-o’clock (for
a right shoulder), and labral reconstruction with the LHBT. Reconstruction was performed
by performing LHBT tenotomy at the level of the pectoralis major insertion. The proximal
LHBT tendon, left attached to the supraglenoid tubercle, was then attached to the
anteroinferior glenoid rim with suture anchors.
Results
Mean (SD) length of the LHBT was 76.1 (12.9 mm) and the diameter was 5.9 (1.6) mm.
Peak force for intact labrum was significantly greater than the deficient labrum state
(14.06 vs 11.78 N; P = .012). Peak force for labral reconstruction (16.67 N) was significantly greater
than both intact and deficient labral states (P < .001 and P = .011, respectively). In all specimens, the length for the LHBT to the pectoralis
major insertion was sufficient for reconstruction of the labrum to the 6-o’clock position.
Conclusions
Glenoid labrum reconstruction with the LHBT is a feasible option to restore glenohumeral
stability, with peak force to displacement significantly greater than the labral-intact
and labral-deficient states.
Clinical Relevance
This reconstruction may be an option for augmentation in the labral-deficient shoulder.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: September 29, 2022
Accepted:
September 9,
2022
Received:
March 20,
2022
Footnotes
See commentary on page 202
The authors report the following potential conflicts of interest or sources of funding: James E. Ireland Foundation provided financial support. Smith and Nephew provided suture anchors. Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material.
Identification
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© 2022 by the Arthroscopy Association of North America
