Purpose
The purpose of this study was to compare rates of recurrent dislocation and postsurgical
outcomes in patients undergoing arthroscopic Bankart repair for anterior shoulder
instability immediately after a first-time traumatic anterior dislocation versus patients
who sustained a second dislocation event after initial nonoperative management.
Methods
A retrospective chart review was performed of patients undergoing primary arthroscopic
stabilization for anterior shoulder instability without concomitant procedures and
minimum 2-year clinical follow-up. Primary outcome was documentation of a recurrent
shoulder dislocation. Secondary clinical outcomes included range of motion, Visual
Analog Scale (VAS), American Shoulder and Elbow Surgeons Shoulder Score (ASES), and
Shoulder Activity Scale (SAS).
Results
Seventy-seven patients (mean age 21.3 years ± 7.3 years) met inclusion criteria. Sixty-three
shoulders underwent surgical stabilization after a single shoulder dislocation, and
14 underwent surgery after 2 dislocations. Average follow-up was 35.9 months. The
rate of recurrent dislocation was significantly higher in the 2-dislocation group
compared to single dislocations (42.8% vs 14.2%, P = .03). No significant difference was present in range of motion, VAS, ASES, and
SAS scores. The minimal clinically important difference (MCID) was 1.4 for VAS and
1.8 for SAS scores. The MCID was met or exceeded in the primary dislocation group
in 31/38 (81.6%) patients for VAS, 23/31 (74.1%) for ASES, and 24/31 for SES (77.4%)
scores. For the second dislocation cohort, MCID was met or exceeded in 7/9 (77.8%)
for VAS, 4/7 (57.1%) for ASES, and 5/7 for SES (71.4%) scores.
Conclusion
Immediate arthroscopic surgical stabilization after a first-time anterior shoulder
dislocation significantly decreases the risk of recurrent dislocation in comparison
to those who undergo surgery after 2 dislocation events, with comparable clinical
outcome scores. These findings suggest that patients who return to activities after
a primary anterior shoulder dislocation and sustain just 1 additional dislocation
event are at increased risk of a failing arthroscopic repair.
Study Design
Retrospective comparative study; Level of evidence, 3.
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Article info
Publication history
Published online: December 07, 2022
Accepted:
October 10,
2022
Received in revised form:
September 23,
2022
Received:
April 21,
2022
Footnotes
See commentary on page 689
The authors report the following potential conflict of interest or source of funding: A.L. reports personal fees from Arthrex and Stryker. Full ICMJE author disclosure forms are available for this article online, as supplementary material.
Identification
Copyright
© 2022 by the Arthroscopy Association of North America
