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Declarations:
Funding: No funding was received for this article
Conflicts of interest: None of the authors have conflicts of interest or commercial relations in regard to this study
Availability of data and material: Data is available upon request
Compliance with Ethical Standards: Systematic review and meta-analysis conducted using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA) guidelines.
Author Contributions:
Robert A. Duerr, MD
1. Substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work; the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data for the work; AND
2. Drafting the work and revising it critically for important intellectual content; AND
3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved
Benjamin Ormseth, BS
1. Substantial contributions to the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data for the work; AND
2. Drafting the work; AND
3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved
Andrew Garrone, MD
1. Substantial contributions to the acquisition and analysis of data for the work; AND
2. Revising the work critically for important intellectual content; AND
3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved
Jeremy Adelstein, BS
1. Substantial contributions to the acquisition and analysis of data for the work; AND
2. Revising the work critically for important intellectual content; AND
3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved
Alex DiBartola, MD, MPH
1. Substantial contributions to the acquisition and analysis of data for the work; AND
2. Revising the work critically for important intellectual content; AND
3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved
Christopher Kaeding, MD
1. Substantial contributions to the analysis and interpretation of data for the work; AND
2. Revising the work critically for important intellectual content; AND
3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved
David Flanigan, MD
1. Substantial contributions to the analysis and interpretation of data for the work; AND
2. Revising the work critically for important intellectual content; AND
3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved
Robert Siston, PhD
1. Substantial contributions to the conception or design of the work and interpretation of data for the work; AND
2. Revising the work critically for important intellectual content; AND
3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved
Robert Magnussen, MD, MPH
1. Substantial contributions to the conception and design of the work; the acquisition, analysis, and interpretation of data for the work; AND
2. Revising the work critically for important intellectual content; AND
3. Final approval of the version to be published; AND
4. Agreement to be accountable for all aspects of the work in ensuring that questions related to the accuracy or integrity of any part of the work are appropriately investigated and resolved